International Association for Cryptologic Research

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Areion: Highly-Efficient Permutations and Its Applications to Hash Functions for Short Input

Authors:
Takanori Isobe , University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan; National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Japan
Ryoma Ito , National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Japan
Fukang Liu , University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan
Kazuhiko Minematsu , NEC Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan
Motoki Nakahashi , University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan
Kosei Sakamoto , University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan
Rentaro Shiba , Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura, Japan
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DOI: 10.46586/tches.v2023.i2.115-154
URL: https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/view/10279
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Abstract: In the real-world applications, the overwhelming majority of cases require hashing with relatively short input, say up to 2K bytes. The length of almost all TCP/IP packets is between 40 to 1.5K bytes, and the maximum packet lengths of major protocols, e.g., Zigbee, Bluetooth low energy, and Controller Area Network (CAN) are less than 128 bytes. However, existing schemes are not well optimized for short input. To bridge the gap between real-world needs (in future) and limited performances of state-of-the-art hash functions for short input, we design a family of wide-block permutations Areion that fully leverages the power of AES instructions, which are widely deployed in many devices. As its applications, we propose several hash functions. Areion significantly outperforms existing schemes for short input and even competitive to relatively long message. Indeed, our hash function is surprisingly fast, and its performance is less than 3 cycles/byte in the latest Intel architecture for any message size. Especially, it is about 10 times faster than existing state-of-the-art schemes for short message up to around 100 bytes, which are most widely-used input size in real-world applications, on both the latest CPU architectures (IceLake, Tiger Lake, and Alder Lake) and mobile platforms (Pixel 6 and iPhone 13).
BibTeX
@article{tches-2023-33033,
  title={Areion: Highly-Efficient Permutations and Its Applications to Hash Functions for Short Input},
  journal={IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems},
  publisher={Ruhr-Universität Bochum},
  volume={2023, Issue 2},
  pages={115-154},
  url={https://tches.iacr.org/index.php/TCHES/article/view/10279},
  doi={10.46586/tches.v2023.i2.115-154},
  author={Takanori Isobe and Ryoma Ito and Fukang Liu and Kazuhiko Minematsu and Motoki Nakahashi and Kosei Sakamoto and Rentaro Shiba},
  year=2023
}