International Association for Cryptologic Research

International Association
for Cryptologic Research

IACR News item: 22 July 2025

Justin Drake, Dmitry Khovratovich, Mikhail Kudinov, Benedikt Wagner
ePrint Report ePrint Report
In this note, we present a new instantiation of the hash-based multi-signature framework introduced by Drake, Khovratovich, Kudinov, and Wagner (CiC Vol 2 Issue 1, eprint 2025/055) for Ethereum’s consensus layer. Inspired by a recent work of Khovratovich, Kudinov, and Wagner (Crypto 2025, eprint 2025/889), we instantiate the framework with a novel incomparable encoding that improves the tradeoff between signature size and verification hashing. The purpose of this document is to make explicit how to use the ideas of the latter work within the framework of Drake, Khovratovich, Kudinov, and Wagner.
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