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\lhead{\sc IACR Bylaws}
\rhead{\sc \lastupdate}

\title{\bf Bylaws of the International Association For Cryptologic Research}
\author{\mbox{}}

\date{Approved 16 November 2019
 \footnote{The most recent version of this document
    can be obtained from \protect\url{http://www.iacr.org/docs/}}}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\thispagestyle{empty}
\pagenumbering{roman}

\section*{Article I: Name}

The name of this organization is the International Association for
Cryptologic Research, Inc., hereinafter referred to as the IACR.

\section*{Article II: Purposes}

The purposes of the IACR are to advance the theory and practice of
cryptology and related fields, and to promote the interests of its
members with respect thereto, and to serve the public welfare. To
achieve these purposes, the IACR sponsors its own Conferences, sponsors or
co-sponsors other appropriate meetings, workshops, or conferences, co-operates
with appropriate meetings, workshops, or conferences sponsored by other groups,
publishes a journal (the Journal of Cryptology), maintains an electronic 
communication portal, and 
takes such other actions as its Board of Directors, hereinafter 
referred to as the Board, deems appropriate.

The Conferences sponsored by the IACR consist of General Conferences%
\footnote{As of 2016 the General Conferences are the annual Asiacrypt,
Crypto, and Eurocrypt conferences.}
%Ordered alphabetically 
Area Conferences,%
\footnote{As of 2016 the Area Conferences are the annual 
CHES (Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems),
FSE (Fast Software Encryption),
PKC (Public Key Cryptography),
and TCC (Theory of Cryptograhy Conference) conferences.}
%Ordered alphabetically
and Symposia.\footnote{As of 2019, the Real World Cryptography symposium.}


\section*{Article III: Membership}

Membership is open to any person subscribing to the purposes of the
IACR. 

There are three categories of membership: student, regular, and
senior. Student members must be enrolled as a student in an
institution of learning

A person becomes a regular or student member or renews his or her 
regular or student membership in either of
two ways: 1) upon acceptance by the IACR Membership Secretary of his
or her personal membership application form and payment of one year's
dues or 2) notification to the IACR Membership Secretary by the
General Chairperson of attendance at any one of the IACR Conferences.

A member can become a senior member in any calendar year following the 
year in which he or she has reached the age of 65, provided that he or 
she has been a regular or student member for at least twenty years 
(not necessarily consecutive). Members can apply for senior
membership by submitting a request in writing to the IACR Membership 
Secretary. Senior membership holds for the lifetime of the member and
does not need to be renewed. The IACR intends not to charge membership 
dues for senior members in recognition of their demonstrated long-time
membership; the procedures of Article XIV for setting the membership 
dues apply.

All members have electronic access to the Journal of Cryptology and
to the publications from recent IACR Conferences.
A print subscription of the Journal of Cryptology is
available at an extra cost.

Membership period as a result of attending an IACR Conference
is for the calendar year following the event. The
calendar year begins on January 1 and ends on December 31.

Membership applications (other than as a result of attending an
IACR Conference) processed on or before September 30 in
any given year will apply to that calendar year. Membership
applications processed from October 1 onward will apply to the
following calendar year. 
Regardless of the time of application and becoming a member, the
membership fee for the full calendar year needs to be paid.

\section*{Article IV: Officers}

The Officers of the IACR are the President, the Vice President, the
Secretary, and the Treasurer. One person may hold only one office, and
only a non-student member may serve as an Officer. The term for all
offices is three calendar years. Officers may serve successive
terms. The members elect the Officers by secret ballot.

The President, in addition to his or her other duties as described
elsewhere herein, is responsible, under the supervision of the Board,
for the day-to-day functioning of the IACR. The President represents
the IACR in its dealings with other organizations. The President
appoints committees as required to assist him or her in discharging
these duties. The President publishes an Annual Report to the
membership on the past year's activity of the IACR in the first quarter
of each calendar year. 

The Vice President performs such duties as the President or the
Board may assign. The Vice President acts for the President in the
President's absence.  The Vice President becomes Acting President
until the next regular election upon the death, incapacity,
resignation, or expulsion of the President.

The Secretary, in addition to his or her other duties as described
elsewhere herein, is responsible for maintaining the minutes of the
Board meetings, the guidelines and the Bylaws of the IACR and for
co-ordinating with the Membership Secretary the timely mailing of
announcements.

The Treasurer is responsible for the receipt and payment of funds
on behalf of the IACR and for the maintenance of proper financial
records and documents.  The Treasurer publishes the annual Financial
Report of the IACR in the first quarter of each calendar year.

The Board at its discretion may establish a secretariat with paid
personnel to assist the Officers in activities as the Board may
direct.

\section*{Article V: Board of Directors}

The Board consists of the Officers, the nine Elected Directors and
the Appointed Directors.

The term of office of the nine Elected Directors is three calendar
years with three terms expiring each year. Elected Directors are
elected by secret ballot of the members. Elected Directors may be
re-elected.

The Appointed Directors (in any calendar year) are the General
Chairpersons of the IACR General Conferences for that year and the following
year, the Editor of the Journal of Cryptology, the Communications
Secretary, and the Membership Secretary.
The Board at its discretion may appoint a limited number
of additional non-voting members.

The Board, under the supervision of the Assembly manages, controls, and
directs the affairs, funds, and property of the IACR. The Board meets in
person at least once annually. These meetings take place at varying
locations among the IACR General Conferences, each time prior to the
respective Assembly. The Board may also meet via teleconference or other
electronic means or transact business between meetings by post, telephone,
and/or electronic means.

Meetings of the Board are presided over by the President, 
or, in case of the President's absence, by the Vice President,
or, in case of both their absences, by the Secretary. Minutes of Board
meetings and of the Assembly are kept by the Secretary or, in case of
the Secretary's absence, by a member of the Board designated by the
Secretary as his or her representative. These minutes, after approval
and/or correction by the Board, are published
as soon as practical after the meeting.

More than 2/3 of the members of the Board (including proxies) constitutes a
quorum at the meetings. Decisions are made by a majority vote (including
proxies) at meetings or by a majority vote of all members of the Board for
actions taken outside of the meetings. Each member of the Board may cast
only a single vote no matter how many roles place him or her on the
Board. The President votes only to break ties in the voting among the
members of the Board.

The Board may establish Steering Committees to aid with the
organization of repeatedly-occurring Conferences.  A member of each such
Steering Committee serves as a representative to the Board and participates
as an observer in its meetings.%
\footnote{As of 2019 there are Steering Committees for Asiacrypt, RWC
and for all Area Conferences.}


\section*{Article VI: Elections}

Each year not later than May 31, the Board appoints three or more
of its members as a committee to nominate candidates for the Elected
Director positions of the Board and, every three years, to nominate
candidates for the posts of President, Vice President, Secretary and
Treasurer. This committee (referred to as the Nomination/Election
Committee) is also responsible for the carrying out of the election
and selects its own chairperson and returning officer. The committee
opens up the nominations no later than June 15. The list of positions
for the following election is presented at every Assembly. Any IACR
member can nominate another member for election as a Director and any
other non-student member for election as an Officer. All nominations must
be made in writing to the chairperson. The Nomination/Election
Committee transmits the ballot with the names of all nominees for each
office thereon not later than October 31 of each year to all members
with instructions for returning the ballots. 
These instructions must include a cutoff date until when a ballot must be 
received for counting; the period from the sending of ballots to the cutoff
date must be at least 30 days.
The returning officer oversees the tallying
procedure, which must be verified by at least two independent
persons. The returning officer reports the results to the candidates
as well as to the Board as soon as practicable after November 30. 
Results of the election are to be published. 
All elections are decided by a plurality of ballots
cast. In the event of a tie, the Board votes until the tie is
broken.

Elections and referenda may be conducted by post or by electronic
means at the discretion of the Board. Substantial change to the voting
system requires prior approval of the membership, except that the
paper-ballot system used by the Association from its inception through
2008 may be used at any time without such approval. Such approval can
be obtained either by majority vote at any Assembly or by majority of
the ballots cast in a referendum to the members.

Any premature vacancy in an elected or appointed office is filled
for the remainder of the regular term by an appointee chosen by the
President and then approved, as soon as possible, by the Board.

\section*{Article VII: General Chairperson}

A General Chairperson is appointed for each IACR Conference.  The General
Chairperson has full responsibility for arranging all aspects of the
conference except for the technical program and may appoint whomever he or
she wishes to assist in the execution of these duties.

For IACR General Conferences the appointment is made by the Board, normally
at least two years in advance.  For IACR Area Conferences the respective
Steering Committee selects a General Chairperson and proposes this to the
Board; the Board will approve the proposal or ask for revisions.

\section*{Article VIII: Program Chairperson}

A Program Chairperson is appointed for each IACR Conference.  The Program
Chairperson appoints a program committee to assist him or her in ensuring
that the program meets a high scientific standard.

For IACR General Conferences the appointment is made by the Officers and
Elected Directors in the Board, normally at least two years in advance.
For IACR Area Conferences the respective Steering Committee selects a
Program Chairperson and proposes this to the Board; the Board will approve
the proposal or ask for revisions.

\section*{Article IX: Editor of the Journal of
Cryptology}

The Editor of the Journal of Cryptology is appointed by the Board
for a term of a maximum of three years and can be reappointed. He or
she is responsible, under the supervision of the Board, for the
editorial policy of the Journal.  The Editor of the Journal appoints,
with the advice and consent of the Board, such Associate Editors as
are required to assist him or her in the discharge of his or her
duties. Associate Editors serve at the pleasure of the Editor.

\section*{Article X: Communications Secretary}

The Communications Secretary is appointed by the Board for a term
of a maximum of three years and can be reappointed. He or she is
responsible, under the supervision of the Board, for editorial policy,
content management, and publishing in the electronic communication portal.

\section*{Article XI: Membership Secretary}

The Membership Secretary is appointed by the Board for a term of a
maximum of three years and can be reappointed. The Membership
Secretary is responsible for maintaining the records of the
members.

\section*{Article XII: Publications}

The IACR publishes the Journal of Cryptology and the Communications
Portal, hereinafter referred to as the Journal and the Portal,
respectively. The Journal publishes carefully reviewed papers of an
archival nature. The Portal publishes items of current interest
such as notices of meetings or conferences related to cryptography,
calls for papers, cryptographic news, and the like. The Communication
Portal may be implemented by a website or other forms of electronic 
distribution.

\section*{Article XIII: Meetings and Conferences }

The IACR takes full financial responsibility for the IACR
Conferences.  The IACR may sponsor, or co-sponsor,
additional meetings, workshops, or conferences as the Board deems appropriate. 
The IACR may co-operate, without financial responsibility, in other worthy
meetings, workshops, or conferences as deemed appropriate by the President and
approved by the Board.

\section*{Article XIV: Membership Dues}

The registration form of the IACR Conferences
also serves as the usual form for renewing of membership in the
IACR. The fee for participating in these events includes the annual
dues for the next year; even those who do not desire to become IACR
members pay this fee in full. The option not to become or remain an
IACR member must be available on the registration form, which must
clearly explain that the fee is the same whether or not one desires
membership. Registrants must indicate in writing the desired
option.

The Treasurer recommends to the Board any changes in the amount of
dues to be paid by the membership in the following year. Changes in
the amount of dues in the next calendar year for any class of
membership are proposed by the Board to an Assembly for approval.

\section*{Article XV: Assembly}

Assemblies of the membership take place annually, at each of the
IACR General Conferences.  Each Assembly is presided over by the President of
the IACR or, in case of the President's absence, by the Vice
President, or, in case of both their absences, by the Secretary. The
Assembly is open to all members of the IACR. Twenty-five members
constitute a quorum for business at an Assembly.

The President or his or her representative places before the
Assembly those decisions made by the Board, since the most recent
Assembly, that were designated by the Board as major decisions
requiring confirmation by the Assembly. The Assembly either accepts
these decisions or rejects them by majority vote of the members
present. Motions may also be proposed from the floor by any member
and, if seconded by another member, adopted by majority vote of the
members present.

When the President judges that an action taken by the Assembly does
not reflect the position of a majority of the members of the IACR, the
President may place the question before the entire membership in a
written ballot. If 10 percent of the members petition the Board for a
referendum on an issue, the Board directs the Secretary to place the
question before the entire membership in a written ballot within six
weeks. The Secretary, in co-ordination with the Membership Secretary,
sends ballots within six weeks of the President's decision or of
receipt of a petition. Ballots indicate the date of counting, which is
at least six weeks from the sending date. No ballots returned by
members will be counted if received after the designated date of
counting.

\section*{Article XVI: Disciplinary Matters}

Any member of the Board who engages in an activity inconsistent
with the purposes of the IACR may be removed from office upon
three-fourths vote of the full Board. The person under investigation
has the right to examine the charges against him or her and to make a
statement defending himself or herself before the vote. The
proceedings and documentation are confidential, unless the person
under investigation wishes to make them public.

A member who engages in an activity inconsistent with the purposes
of the IACR may be expelled from the IACR by a three-fourths vote of
the full Board. The member under investigation has the right to
examine the charges against him or her and to make a statement
defending himself or herself before the vote. The proceedings and
documentation are confidential, unless the member wishes to make them
public. An expelled member may be reinstated, at the earliest, one
year after his or her expulsion by a majority vote of the Board.

\section*{Article XVII: Guidelines}

The Board may establish Guidelines as deemed necessary to aid in
the activities of the IACR. There will be Guidelines for the General
Chairperson and Program Chairperson of the Conferences, for Steering
Committees of Conferences, for Elections, and others as deemed necessary by the
Board. The President, when deemed necessary by the Board, will appoint
an ad hoc committee to review the individual Guidelines and update as
necessary for presentation to the Board for approval. The Secretary
will be responsible for keeping the Guidelines.

\section*{Article XVIII: Amendments}

Amendments to these Bylaws may be proposed by majority vote of the
Board or at an Assembly by a two-thirds vote of the members present. A
proposed amendment becomes effective upon subsequent ratification by a
majority of the ballots cast in a referendum to the members.

\end{document}

