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Paper: General Secure Multi-Party Computation from any Linear Secret Sharing Scheme

Authors: Ronald Cramer Ivan Damgård Ueli Maurer URL: http://eprint.iacr.org/2000/037 Search ePrint Search Google We show that verifiable secret sharing (VSS) and secure multi-party computation (MPC) among a set of $n$ players can efficiently be based on {\em any} linear secret sharing scheme (LSSS) for the players, provided that the access structure of the LSSS allows MPC or VSS at all. Because an LSSS neither guarantees reconstructability when some shares are false, nor verifiability of a shared value, nor allows for the multiplication of shared values, an LSSS is an apparently much weaker primitive than VSS or MPC. Our approach to secure MPC is generic and applies to both the in\-for\-ma\-tion-theoretic and the cryptographic setting. The construction is based on 1) a formalization of the special multiplicative property of an LSSS that is needed to perform a multiplication on shared values, 2) an efficient generic construction to obtain from any LSSS a multiplicative LSSS for the same access structure, and 3) an efficient generic construction to build verifiability into every LSSS (always assuming that the adversary structure allows for MPC or VSS at all). The protocols are efficient. In contrast to all previous information-theo\-re\-ti\-cal\-ly secure protocols, the field size is not restricted (e.g, to be greater than $n$). Moreover, we exhibit adversary structures for which our protocols are polynomial in $n$ while all previous approaches to MPC for non-threshold adversaries provably have super-polynomial complexity.
BibTeX
@misc{eprint-2000-11381,
title={General Secure Multi-Party Computation from any Linear Secret Sharing Scheme},
booktitle={IACR Eprint archive},
keywords={foundations / secure secure multi-party computation, verifiable secret sharing},
url={http://eprint.iacr.org/2000/037},
note={Full version of paper that appeared in the Proceedings of EUROCRYPT '00, Springer LNCS, May 2000. cramer@brics.dk, ivan@daimi.aau.dk, maurer@inf.ethz.ch 11165 received 27 Jul 2000},
author={Ronald Cramer and Ivan Damgård and Ueli Maurer},
year=2000
}