Sergiu Carpov
Arcium, Baar, Switzerland

Keywords: Functional bootstrapping, Boolean circuit mapping, Fully Homomorphic Encryption

Abstract

Functional bootstrapping in FHE schemes such as FHEW and TFHE allows the evaluation of arbitrary functions on encrypted data, while simultaneously reducing noise. Implementing programs that directly use functional bootstrapping is challenging and error-prone. In this paper, we propose a heuristic that automatically maps Boolean circuits to functional bootstrapping instructions. Unlike prior approaches, our method does not limit the encrypted data plaintext space to a power-of-two size, allowing the instantiation of functional bootstrapping with smaller parameters. Furthermore, the negacyclic property of functional bootstrapping is exploited to extend the plaintext effective space. Despite the inherently greedy nature of the heuristic, experimental results show that the mapped circuits exhibit a significant reduction in evaluation time. Our heuristic demonstrates a 45% reduction in evaluation time when compared to hand-optimized Trivium and Kreyvium implementations.